Australian investment in India reached USD 17.6 billion while Indian investment in Australia totaled USD 34.5 billion, making India one of top foreign investors in Australia. The ECTA includes investment facilitation provisions and both countries negotiating enhanced investment protections under CECA. Major Australian investments in India span mining and resources (Australian mining companies including BHP, Rio Tinto, Fortescue Metals explore opportunities in India's mining sector, though Indian mining regulations limit foreign direct participation, companies engage through technology partnerships, consulting, equipment supply), financial services (ANZ Banking Group, Westpac, Macquarie Group have operations in India including banking, asset management, infrastructure financing), infrastructure and urban development (Australian expertise in urban planning, water management, waste management relevant for India's urbanization and smart cities), education and training (Australian universities partner with Indian institutions, explore branch campuses, deliver education services, provide vocational training), agriculture and agribusiness (Australian agriculture technology, farm management, agribusiness expertise create opportunities), renewable energy (Australian companies in solar, wind, battery storage, green hydrogen engaged in India's clean energy transition), and professional services. Conversely, major Indian investments in Australia concentrated in mining and resources (Adani Group has significant Australian mining assets including Carmichael coal mine and rail projects in Queensland, port operations; other Indian companies invested in Australian mining), energy sector (Indian companies in Australian oil, gas, and renewable energy sectors), IT services (TCS, Infosys, Wipro, Tech Mahindra, HCL have Australian operations serving Australian businesses), pharmaceuticals (Indian pharmaceutical companies supply Australian market), and real estate and infrastructure. The Australia-India Critical Minerals Investment Partnership announced in 2022 aims to develop new supply chains for lithium, cobalt, rare earths, and other critical minerals essential for batteries, electric vehicles, clean energy technologies, advanced manufacturing, helping India reduce emissions, become manufacturing hub, and reduce dependence on China for critical minerals. Australia has abundant critical mineral resources while India has growing demand and manufacturing capacity. In November 2024, Prime Ministers launched elevated Australia-India Renewable Energy Partnership to accelerate collaboration on solar, offshore wind, green hydrogen, battery storage, grid integration, supporting both countries' net zero targets and India's renewable energy ambitions. India offers opportunities for Australian investors in mining technology and services (Australian mining expertise, equipment, technology for India's mineral sector), renewable energy (solar, wind, offshore wind, green hydrogen, battery storage), infrastructure (urban infrastructure, water, waste management, transportation), agriculture technology (precision agriculture, farm management, agritech, food processing), education and vocational training (Australian education quality recognized in India), financial services, healthcare and aged care, and sports infrastructure. Australia offers Indian investors opportunities in resources sector (coal, LNG, iron ore, critical minerals), energy including renewables, real estate and infrastructure, agriculture and food production, education institutions, and tourism. The High Commission and Austrade facilitate investment in both directions. ECTA and ongoing CECA negotiations enhance investment framework. Key sectors for cooperation include critical minerals, renewable energy, education, agriculture, infrastructure, resources, and innovation.